EFEKTIVITAS INOKULUM FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SEMAI TANAMAN HUTAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v1i2.20Abstract
Effectiveness of mycorrhizal fungi inoculum Arbuskula Growth of seedling Plain Forest
        Utilization of mycorrhizae in forestry are often constrained in the availability of inoculum mukoriza that not every moment can be obtained in sufficient quantities and in accordance with the type of crop and land acidity. It required effort to make the inoculant that can anticipate the condition. It has been developed inoculant arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), that explores from various acidity land from under the stands of forest plants, namely inoculum R2, P2, N2 and C2-containing AMF of the genus Glomus sp. The study was conducted with 5 grams inokulasi AMF inoculum (equivalent to 15-30 spores) on seedling sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), teak (Tectona grandis) and meranti (Shorea leprosula). Observations were carried out for 9 weeks by measuring the height and diameter growth of each week and dry biomass and shoot-root ratio at the end of observation. The statistical analysis was complete randomized with design 5 treatment of inoculant without comparing among species of forest plants seedlings. Results of variance analysis showed that after 9 weeks of observation, AMF inoculum treatments did not significantly affect height growth (p <0:40) and diameter (p <0.59) of sengon seedlings, but significant effect on diameter growth (p <0:09) and the growth of teak seedlings higher (p <0:06) and total dry weight (BKT) (p <0.07) seedling timber. C2 inoculant was effective to increase seedling height growth sengon up to 5% and meranti up to 22%. R2 inoculant increased height growth for seedlings of teak and meranti respectively 25% and 81%; Inokulan P2 increased by 23% and 81%, while the N2 inoculant increased by 21% and 53% of seedling growth of teak and meranti. Inoculant R2, P2 and N2 are recommended to be applied to seedlings of teak, and timber, while for legume crops such as sengon more advisable to use inoculants C2.
Key words : inoculum, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Forest plants seedling
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 Abstrak
         Pemanfaatan mikoriza di bidang kehutanan sering terkendala pada ketersediaan inokulum mukoriza yang tidak setiap saat dapat diperoleh dalam jumlah cukup dan yang sesuai dengan jenis tanaman serta keasaman lahan. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya untuk membuat inokulan yang dapat mengantisipasi kondisi tersebut. Telah dikembangkan inokulan fungi mikoriza arbuskula (FMA) hasil eksplorasi dari berbagai keasaman lahan dari bawah tegakan tanaman hutan, yaitu inokulum R2, P2, N2 dan C2 yang mengandung FMA dari genus Glomus sp. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menginokulasikan sebanyak 5 gram inokulum FMA (setara 15-30 spora) tersebut pada semai sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), jati (Tectona grandis) dan meranti (Shorea leprosula). Pengamatan dilakukan selama 9 minggu dengan mengukur pertumbuhan tinggi dan diameter setiap minggu dan biomasa kering serta rasio pucuk-akar pada akhir pengamatan. Penelitian dirancang secara acak lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan inokulan dengan tanpa membandingkan antar jenis semai tanaman hutan. Hasil analisa sidik ragam menunjukan bahwa setelah 9 minggu pengamatan, perlakuan inokulum FMA tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi (p<0.40) dan diameter (p<0.59) semai sengon, namun berpengaruh nyata pada pertumbuhan diameter (p<0.09) semai jati dan pertumbuhan tinggi (p<0.06) serta berat kering total (BKT) (p<0.07) semai meranti . Inokulan C2 efektif untuk peningkatan pertumbuhan tinggi semai sengon hingga 5% dan meranti hingga 22%. Inokulan R2 mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tinggi semai jati dan meranti masing-masing sebesar 25% dan 81%; Inokulan P2 meningkatkan sebesar 23% dan 81%; sedangkan inokulan N2 mampu meningkatkan sebesar 21% dan 53% terhadap pertumbuhan semai jati dan meranti. Inokulan R2, P2 dan N2 lebih disarankan untuk diaplikasikan pada semai jati, dan meranti, sedangkan untuk tanaman legum seperti sengon lebih disarankan menggunakan inokulan C2.
Kata kunci : Inokulum, Fungi Mikoriza arbuskula, Semai tanaman hutan
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