DAYA PREDASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) DAN IKAN GUPPY (Poecilia reticulate) TERHADAP LARVA INSTAR III NYAMUK Aedes aegypti SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN VEKTOR PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD)

Abstract

Beta Fish Predation Power and Guppies Against the Third Instar Larvae of Mosquitos as a Vector Control Efforts in Dengue Fever

         Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) disease was a disease caused by dengue virus infection remains a public health problem in Indonesia. The disease attacks all age groups every years. Effort to eradication DHF done by fulfill the predator of fish like cupang and guppy. The study to determined the difference of predation potential between betta and guppy toward the 3^rd instar of larvae Aedes aegypti. This study was experimental with comparative study and one shoot chase study design. The population was larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquito 3rd instar with betta and guppy as many as 5. Every treatment used the larvae as many as 25. The treatment observe in 1, 2 , 4 and 6 hours the data analyze used the independent samples test. The results of independent samples test got the p value 0.000, proves there were the significantly difference of predation potential of betta and guppy toward the 3^rd instar III of Larvae Aedes aegypti mosquito. Suggested to the society can used the predator fish to eradication the DHF disease.

Keywords: The potential of predator fish Cupang (Betta sp.), Guppy (Poecilia reticulata), 3^rd instar of larvae, Aedes aegypti.

 

ABSTRAK

        Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dan ditularkan oleh nyamuk Aedes aegypti yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini menyerang semua kelompok umur dan muncul setiap tahun. Pengendalian DBD dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan ikan seperti ikan cupang dan guppy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan  daya predasi  ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dan ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata) terhadap larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah  eksperimental bersifat komparatif dengan desain one shoot chase study. Subyek penelitian adalah larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti instar III, ikan cupang dan guppy masing-masing sebanyak 5 ekor. Setiap waktu pengamatan  menggunakan larva instar III sebanyak 25 ekor dan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 1, 2, 4 dan 6 jam. Analisis data menggunakan independent samples test. Hasil uji Independent Samples Test didapatkan nilai p value 0.000, membuktikan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara daya predator ikan cupang (Betta sp.) dengan ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata) terhadap larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Daya predator paling baik adalah  ikan cupang. Disarankan kepada masyarakat untuk memanfaatkan ikan predator dalam upaya mengendalikan penyakit Demam Berdarah.

Kata Kunci: daya predator ikan cupang (Betta sp.), ikan guppy (Poecilia reticulata), larva instar III nyamuk Aedes aegypti.