KUALITAS AIR SUMUR MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR SAMPAH (TPAS) RAWA KUCING KOTA TANGERANG

Abstract

The Quality of Well Water around Final Garbage Dump (FGD)  Rawa Kucing, Tangerang, Indonesia

FGD Rawa Kucing is located at Sultan Iskandar Muda Street, Kedaung Wetan, Neglasari, Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. It serves 1000 tons of garbage per day from 13 districts in Tangerang. The volume of garbage in Kota Tangerang increases from 1,212,264 m³ in 2008 to 4,590,724 m³in 2012.Well water is the main source of water for people around the FGD RawaKucing. They use well water for bath, wash,  and toilet (BWT) and other needs. Garbage decomposition which makes pollution around FGD Rawa Kucing can accur in air, water, and soil. Waste accurs in water and soil caused by leachate. Leachate can easily  spread through rainwater runoff and it absorbs to the ground and polluting it including well water around it. Contaminated well water can decrease the quality of water physically, chemically, and microbiologically.Groundwater samples taken from residents' well water around FGD Rawa Kucing  and they were represented by three groups which have distance 100 m - 3 km from FGD. Each group consisted of three samples which were taken from well water having depths between 8-18 m. The examination of the quality of well water should be made in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.416/MENKE /PER/IX/1990 on the Conditions and Control of the Quality of Clean Water and Quality Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492/MENKES/PER/IV/ on Requirements and Quality Control of Drinking Water.The quality of well water around FGD Rawa Kucing showed that there were the decreased quality water after testing with several parameter tests. There were six examination parameters which concentrate on exceeding the required quality standards that of TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrates (10.5-37.8 mg/L), Ammonia (3.50-66.21 mg/L), Iron (1.054-7.063 mg/L), Manganese (1.085-10.130 mg/L), and Total Coliform (80-130 colonies/100 mL).

Keywords : Well water, leachate, TPAS, pollution, water quality

ABSTRAK

TPAS Rawa Kucing berada di Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Kelurahan Kedaung Wetan, Kecamatan Neglasari, Kota Tangerang, Banten dan mengangkut 1000 ton sampah/hari dari 13 kecamatan.Volume sampah di Kota Tangerang terus meningkat dari tahun 2008 sebesar 1.212.264 m³ sampai pada tahun 2012 telah mencapai 4.590.724 m³. Air sumur merupakan sumber air utama bagi masyarakat sekitar TPAS, karena hampir semua kebutuhan air dipenuhi dari air sumur yaitu untuk Mandi Cuci Kakus (MCK) dan kebutuhan lainnya. Pencemaran akibat dekomposisi sampah dapat terjadi di udara, dapat pula terjadi pada air dan tanah yang disebabkan oleh adanya rembesan air lindi. Lindi tersebut mudah disebarkan melalui limpasan air hujan dan meresap mencemari air tanah termasukair sumur yang ada di sekitarnya. Air sumur yang terkontaminasi lindi berakibat terjadinya penurunan kualitas air secara fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi. Air tanah sampelyang diambil berasal dari sumur penduduk yang berada di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing diwakili oleh 3 pengelompokkan dengan jarak 100 m – 3 km dari TPAS. Setiap kelompok terdiri dari 3 sumur pompa dengan kedalaman sumur antara 8 – 18 m. Pemeriksaan kualitas air sumur dilakukan  mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 416/MENKES/PER/IX/1990 tentang Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air Bersih dan Peraturan MenteriKesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010 tentang Syarat-syaratdan Pengawasan Kualitas Air minum.  Kualitas air sumur masyarakat di sekitar TPAS Rawa Kucing mengalami penurunan setelah dilakukan pengujian terhadap beberapa parameter. Ada 6 parameter pemeriksaan yang mempunyai konsentrasi  melebihi baku mutu yang dipersyaratkan yaitu TDS (1600-1764 mg/L), Nitrat (10,5-37,8 mg/L), Amonia (3,50-66,21 mg/L), Besi (1,054-7,063 mg/L), Mangan (1,085-10,130 mg/L), dan Total Coliform (80-130 koloni/100 mL).

Kata kunci : Air sumur, air lindi, TPAS, pencemaran, kualitas air