Cultivation of Chlorella sp. in broiler chicken waste media and its metabolite profile by GC-MS analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31938/jsn.v11i1.290Abstract
Broiler Chicken Waste (LTAB) contained Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium. LTAB can be used as an alternative medium for the cultivation of Chlorella sp. In this study, Chlorella sp. was cultured in LTAB at various concentrations (2,4,6,8, and 10%). Growth of Chlorella sp. was measured based on optical density values at a wavelength of 680 nm. Biomass was extracted using chloroform. The extract obtained was identified using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). LTAB 2% was the best medium for the growth of Chlorella sp. (amongst other concentrations). The highest growth rate was on the 10th day. Based on the results of KG-MS, chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. cultured on LTAB 2% contained oleic acid, methyl ester and gamma-sitosterol.
Keywords: Chlorella sp, Medium, Waste, chromatography
ABSTRAK
Kultivasi Chlorella sp. pada media limbah ayam broiler dan profil metabolitnya dengan analisis GC-MS
Limbah Ternak Ayam Broiler (LTAB) mengandung Nitrogen, Fosfor dan Kalium. LTAB dapat dijadikan media alternatif untuk kultivasi Chlorella sp. Pada penelitian ini, Chlorella sp. dikultur pada LTAB pada berbagai konsentrasi (2,4,6,8, dan 10%). Pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. diukur berdasarkan nilai optical density pada panjang gelombang 680 nm. Biomassa diekstrak menggunakan kloroform. Ekstrak yang diperoleh diidentifikasi meggunakan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). LTAB 2% merupakan media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan Chlorella sp. (diantara konsentrasi lainnya). Laju pertumbuhan tertinggi yaitu pada hari ke-10. Berdasarkan hasil KG-MS, ekstrak kloroform Chlorella sp. yang dikultur pada LTAB 2% mengandung senyawa asam oleat, metil ester dan gamma-sitosterol.
Kata kunci: Chlorella sp., media, limbah, Kromatografi
Downloads
References
Alwathnani, H. dan Perveen, K. (2017). Antibacterial Activity and Morphological Changes in Human Pathogenic Bacteria by Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris extracts. Biomedic Research. 28(4), 1610-1614.
Andersen, R.A., Berges,J.A., Harrison, P.J. & Watanabe, M.M. (2005). Recipes For Freshwater And Seawater Media. In: R. A. Andersen Ed.: Algal Culturing Techniques. Elsevier Academic Press. Burlington.
Annamalai, J., Shanmugam, J. & Nallamuthu, T. (2012). Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck. International Journal of Current Research and Review. 4(7), 33-38.
Aprilliyanti, S., Soeprobowati, T.R. & Yulianto, B. (2016). Hubungan Kelimpahan Mikroalga Chlorella sp. dengan Kualitas Lingkungan Perairan pada Skala Semi Masal di BBBPBAP Jepara. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 14, 77-81.
Badan Pusat Statistik Jawa Barat. (2016). Produksi Daging Unggas Menurut Kabupaten/Kota dan Jenis Ternak di Provinsi Jawa Barat. BPS.
Barqi, W.S. (2015). Pengambilan Minyak Mikroalga Chlorella sp. dengan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction. Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan. 4(1), 34-41.
Budiarti, T., Utomo, N.B.P. & Santosa, A. (2010). Pertumbuhan dan kandungan Nutrisi Spirulina sp. pada Fotoperiode yang Berbeda. Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia. 9(2), 146-156.
Febtisuhastri, A. (2016). Biomassa dan Kadar Lipid Mikroalga Chlorella sp. pada Kultur Media Alternatif Kotoran Ternak (Skripsi). Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
Ginting, N.K., Sedjati, S., Supriyantini, E. & Ridlo, A. (2018). Pengaruh Pencahayaan terhadap Kandungan Pigmen Tetraselmis chuii sebagai Sumber Antioksidan Alami. Buletin Oseanografi Marina. 7(2), 91-97.
Hussain, S.Z., dan Maqbool, K. (2014). GC-MS: Principle, Technique and its application in Food Science. Int. J Curr Sci. 13, 116-126.
Istirokhatun, T., Aulia, M. & Sudarno. (2017). Potensi Chlorella sp. untuk Menyisihkan COD dan Nitrat dalam Limbah Cair Tahu. Jurnal Presipitasi. 14(2), 88-96.
Jazzar, S., Medina, J.Q., Olivares-Carrillo, Carrillo, P.O., Nejib, M., Marzouki, et al. (2015). Cultivation and In Situ Supercritical Methanol Transesterification of Native Microalgae. Bioresour Technol. 190, 281-288.
Karunia, S.D., Supartono, Sumarni, W. (2017). Analisis Sifat Antibakteri Ekstrak Biji Srikaya (Annona Squamosa L) Dengan Pelarut Organik. Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science, 6(1): 56-60.
Kasai, F., Kawachi, M., Erata, M., Mori, F., Yumoto, K., Sato, M., & Ishimoto, M. (2009) . Nies-Collection List Of Straind, 8th Edition, Jpn. J. Phycol. 57(1).
Kumalasari, D., Fasya, A.G., Adi, T.A. & Maunatin, A. (2014). Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Asam Lemak Hasil Hidrolisis Minyak Mikroalga Chlorella sp. Alchemy. 3(2), 163-172.
Kurnia, D., Asri, R., Dinata, D.I. & Nurachman, Z. (2018a). Analisis Asam Lemak Mikroalga Laut Chlorella sp. Pada Medium Modifikasi Dengan Kromatografi Gas Spektrometri Massa (KG-SM). Journal of Pharmacopolium. 1(1), 1-8.
Kurnia, D., Yuliantini, A., Cendana, I.S., & Nurachman, Z. (2018b). Fatty Acid Analysis of Marine Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris in Modified Medium Used GC-FID. J. Phys.: Conf. Ser,1338: 1-8.
Li, Y., Han, F., Xu, H., Mu, J., Chen, D., Feng, B., & Zeng, H. (2014). Potential lipid accumulation and growth characteristic of the green alga Chlorella with combination cultivation mode of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Bioresource Technology, 174, 24–32.
Ma’rufatin, A. (2016). Pengaruh Pemanenan Mikroalga (Chlorella sp.) secara Kontinyu Terhadap Pertumbuhannya di dalam Fotobioreaktor. JRL. 9(1), 19-30.
Maligan, J.M.,. Widayanti, V.T. dan Zubaidah, E. (2015). Identifikasi Senyawa Antibakteri Ekstrak Mikroalga Laut Tetraselmis chuii (Kajian Metode Ekstraksi Maserasi, Jenis Pelarut, dan Waktu Ekstraksi). Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian. 3, 195-206.
Meritasari, D., Mubarok, A.S., Sulmartiwi, L. dan Masithah, E. D. (2012). Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Cair Limbah Ikan Lemuru (Sardinella Sp.) dengan Dosis yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Chlorella Sp. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan. 4(1), 27-32.
Mufidah, A., Agustono, Sudarno, dan Nindarwi, D.D. (2017). Teknik Kultur Mikroalga Chlorella sp. Skala Laboratorium dan Intermediate di Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BPBAP) Situbondo Jawa Timur. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health. 7(2), 50-56.
Norashikin, M. N., Loh, S. H., Aziz, A., & Cha, T. S. (2018). Metabolic engineering of fatty acid biosynthesis in Chlorella vulgaris using an endogenous omega-3 fatty acid desaturase gene with its promoter. Algal Research, 31, 262–275.
Regista, Ambeng, Litaay, M. dan Umar, M.R. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Vermikompos Cair Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister pada Pertumbuhan Mikroalga Chlorella sp.. Jurnal Biologi Makasar. 2(1), 1-8.
Susanty, D., Oksari, A.A. & Izani, R. (2019). Metabolit Sekunder Pada Ekstrak Chlorella sp. Yang Dikultur Pada Media Limbah Ternak Ayam. Chempublish Journal. 4(2), 52-61.
Susanty, D., & Oksari, A.A. (2020). Growth and secondary metabolites content of chloroform extract of Chlorella sp. and Chlorella sorokiniana cultured on chicken broiler waste media. Nusantara Bioscience. 12(1), 28-32.
Syaichurrozi, I., dan Jayanudin, J. (2016). Potensi Limbah Cair Tahu Sebagai Media Tumbuh Spiriluna plantesis. Jurnal Integrasi Proses. 6(2), 64-68.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Rizky Izani, Lany Nurhayati, Devy Susanty
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution - You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
